We assembled on Christopher Street at 6th Avenue, to march. It was narrated by author Rita Mae Brown, directed by Greta Schiller, co-directed by Robert Rosenberg, and co-produced by John Scagliotti and Rosenberg, and Schiller. Abstract. I said, "I can go in with you?" Leaflets in the 60s were like the internet, today. The Stonewall had reopened. and I didn't see anything but a forest of hands. Prisoner (Archival):I realize that, but the thing is that for life I'll be wrecked by this record, see? The Activism That Came Before Stonewall And The Movement That - NPR Yvonne Ritter:I did try to get out of the bar and I thought that there might be a way out through one of the bathrooms. Doric Wilson:There was joy because the cops weren't winning. Liz Davis But I had only stuck my head in once at the Stonewall. Martha Shelley:If you were in a small town somewhere, everybody knew you and everybody knew what you did and you couldn't have a relationship with a member of your own sex, period. Ellen Goosenberg Charles Harris, Transcriptions On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. by David Carter, Associate Producer and Advisor archives.nypl.org -- Before Stonewall production files Do you want them to lose all chance of a normal, happy, married life? And when you got a word, the word was homosexuality and you looked it up. Before Stonewall - Rotten Tomatoes William Eskridge, Professor of Law:The Stonewall riots came at a central point in history. There may be some girls here who will turn lesbian. The award-winning documentary film, Before Stonewall, which was released theatrically and broadcast on PBS television in 1984, explored the history of the lesbian and gay rights movement in the United States prior to 1969. Jimmy knew he shouldn't be interested but, well, he was curious. Kanopy - Stream Classic Cinema, Indie Film and Top Documentaries . Before Stonewall : Throughline : NPR Barak Goodman Because one out of three of you will turn queer. Mayor John Lindsay, like most mayors, wanted to get re-elected. It was done in our little street talk. Historic Films A gay rights march in New York in favor of the 1968 Civil Rights Act being amended to include gay rights. Cop (Archival):Anyone can walk into that men's room, any child can walk in there, and see what you guys were doing. Mafia house beer? And then they send them out in the street and of course they did make arrests, because you know, there's all these guys who cruise around looking for drag queens. Howard Smith, Reporter,The Village Voice:It was getting worse and worse. Joe DeCola And a couple of 'em had pulled out their guns. Raymond Castro:I'd go in there and I would look and I would just cringe because, you know, people would start touching me, and "Hello, what are you doing there if you don't want to be touched?" I could never let that happen and never did. With this outpouring of courage and unity the gay liberation movement had begun. So gay people were being strangled, shot, thrown in the river, blackmailed, fired from jobs. "You could have got us in a lot of trouble, you could have got us closed up." Mike Wallace (Archival):Dr. Charles Socarides is a New York psychoanalyst at the Albert Einstein School of Medicine. View in iTunes. It said the most dreadful things, it said nothing about being a person. Getting then in the car, rocking them back and forth. John O'Brien:I was with a group that we actually took a parking meter out of theground, three or four people, and we used it as a battering ram. All I knew about was that I heard that there were people down in Times Square who were gay and that's where I went to. And the Stonewall was part of that system. Howard Smith, Reporter,The Village Voice:That night I'm in my office, I looked down the street, and I could see the Stonewall sign and I started to see some activity in front. Saying I don't want to be this way, this is not the life I want. Lynn and Louis Wolfson II Florida Moving Image Archives Ellinor Mitchell Seymour Pine, Deputy Inspector, Morals Division, NYPD:We told this to our men. Samual Murkofsky I made friends that first day. Once it started, once that genie was out of the bottle, it was never going to go back in. Lucian Truscott, IV, Reporter,The Village Voice:A rather tough lesbian was busted in the bar and when she came out of the bar she was fighting the cops and trying to get away. The Chicago riots, the Human Be-in, the dope smoking, the hippies. Original Language: English. This time they said, "We're not going." John O'Brien:I knew that the words that were being said to put down people, was about me. Slate:The Homosexuals(1967), CBS Reports. The documentary shows how homosexual people enjoyed and shared with each other. And I had become very radicalized in that time. And we had no right to such. Mike Wallace (Archival):Two out of three Americans look upon homosexuals with disgust, discomfort or fear. And a whole bunch of people who were in the paddy wagon ran out. That was scary, very scary. He pulls all his men inside. Stonewall Forever is a documentary from NYC's LGBT Community Center directed by Ro Haber. Director . TV Host (Archival):Ladies and gentlemen, the reason for using first names only forthese very, very charming contestants is that right now each one of them is breaking the law. It was an age of experimentation. William Eskridge, Professor of Law:Gay people who were sentenced to medical institutions because they were found to be sexual psychopaths, were subjected sometimes to sterilization, occasionally to castration, sometimes to medical procedures, such as lobotomies, which were felt by some doctors to cure homosexuality and other sexual diseases. They really were objecting to how they were being treated. Tires were slashed on police cars and it just went on all night long. Martin Boyce:I had cousins, ten years older than me, and they had a car sometimes. Few photographs of the raid and the riots that followed exist. I mean I'm talking like sardines. I first engaged in such acts when I was 14 years old. We'll put new liquor in there, we'll put a new mirror up, we'll get a new jukebox." Yvonne Ritter:It's like people who are, you know, black people who are used to being mistreated, and going to the back of the bus and I guess this was sort of our going to the back of the bus. Dick Leitsch:There were Black Panthers and there were anti-war people. A medievalist. Watch Before Stonewall | Prime Video - amazon.com Alfredo del Rio, Archival Still and Motion Images Courtesy of I was wearing my mother's black and white cocktail dress that was empire-waisted. John O'Brien His movements are not characteristic of a real boy. And I knew that I was lesbian. The groundbreaking 1984 film "Before Stonewall" introduced audiences to some of the key players and places that helped spark the Greenwich Village riots. New York City's Stonewall Inn is regarded by many as the site of gay and lesbian liberation since it was at this bar that drag queens fought back against police June 27-28, 1969. Tommy Lanigan-Schmidt:The police would zero in on us because sometimes they would be in plain clothes, and sometimes they would even entrap. People standing on cars, standing on garbage cans, screaming, yelling. John DiGiacomo It was narrated by author Rita Mae Brown, directed by Greta Schiller, co-directed by Robert Rosenberg, and co-produced by John Scagliotti and Rosenberg, and Schiller. The severity of the punishment varies from state to state. Sophie Cabott Black Activists had been working for change long before Stonewall. People talk about being in and out now, there was no out, there was just in. They would bang on the trucks. Jerry Hoose:And we were going fast. Before Stonewall: The Making of a Gay and Lesbian Community And that's what it was, it was a war. Tommy Lanigan-Schmidt:We would scatter, ka-poom, every which way. To commemorate the 20th anniversary of the Stonewall riots in New York City, activists rode their motorcycles during the city's 1989 gay-pride parade. Danny Garvin:With Waverly Street coming in there, West Fourth coming in there, Seventh Avenue coming in there, Christopher Street coming in there, there was no way to contain us. Gay bars were always on side streets out of the way in neighborhoods that nobody would go into. And it just seemed like, fantastic because the background was this industrial, becoming an industrial ruin, it was a masculine setting, it was a whole world. Documentary | Stonewall Forever The history of the Gay and Lesbian community before the Stonewall riots began the major gay rights movement. This 1955 educational film warns of homosexuality, calling it "a sickness of the mind.". Howard Smith, Reporter,The Village Voice:I had a column inThe Village Voicethat ran from '66 all the way through '84. Before Stonewall: The Making of a Gay and Lesbian Community And it's interesting to note how many youngsters we've been seeing in these films. Urban Stages The overwhelming number of medical authorities said that homosexuality was a mental defect, maybe even a form of psychopathy. Martha Shelley:We participated in demonstrations in Philadelphia at Independence Hall. John O'Brien:They had increased their raids in the trucks. And today we're talking about Stonewall, which were both pretty anxious about so anxious. Meanwhile, there was crowds forming outside the Stonewall, wanting to know what was going on. Fred Sargeant:Things started off small, but there was an energy that began to flow through the crowd. And they were lucky that door was closed, they were very lucky. Eric Marcus, Writer:It was incredibly hot. Martin Boyce:For me, there was no bar like the Stonewall, because the Stonewall was like the watering hole on the savannah. Howard Smith, Reporter,The Village Voice:I had been in some gay bars either for a story or gay friends would say, "Oh we're going to go in for a drink there, come on in, are you too uptight to go in?" Revisiting 'Before Stonewall' Film for the 50th Anniversary | Time And you felt bad that you were part of this, when you knew they broke the law, but what kind of law was that? John O'Brien:They went for the head wounds, it wasn't just the back wounds and the leg wounds. And, I did not like parading around while all of these vacationers were standing there eating ice cream and looking at us like we were critters in a zoo. 1984 documentary film by Greta Schiller and Robert Rosenberg, "Berlinale 2016: Panorama Celebrates Teddy Award's 30th Anniversary and Announces First Titles in Programme", "Guest Post: What I Learned From Revisiting My 1984 Documentary 'Before Stonewall', "See the 25 New Additions to the National Film Registry, From Purple Rain to Clerks", "Complete National Film Registry Listing", "Before Stonewall - Independent Historical Film", Before Stonewall: The Making of a Gay and Lesbian Community (Newly Restored), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Before_Stonewall&oldid=1134540821, Documentary films about United States history, Historiography of LGBT in the United States, United States National Film Registry films, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 19 January 2023, at 05:30. (Enter your ZIP code for information on American Experience events and screening in your area.). Jerry Hoose:The open gay people that hung out on the streets were basically the have-nothing-to-lose types, which I was. The mob was saying, you know, "Screw you, cops, you think you can come in a bust us up? We were all there. Greg Shea, Legal The Laramie Project Cast at The Calhoun School And it would take maybe a half hour to clear the place out. Then the cops come up and make use of what used to be called the bubble-gum machine, back then a cop car only had one light on the top that spun around. Martin Boyce:In the early 60s, if you would go near Port Authority, there were tons of people coming in. Available on Prime Video, Tubi TV, iTunes. This was a highly unusual raid, going in there in the middle of the night with a full crowd, the Mafia hasn't been alerted, the Sixth Precinct hasn't been alerted. And I just didn't understand that. Naturally, you get careless, you fall for it, and the next thing you know, you have silver bracelets on both arms. In addition to interviews with activists and scholars, the film includes the reflections of renowned writer Allen Ginsberg. WPA Film Library, Thanks to And I raised my hand at one point and said, "Let's have a protest march." Before Stonewall was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at the 1985 Sundance Film Festival. They would not always just arrest, they would many times use clubs and beat. Never, never, never. WGBH Educational Foundation Virginia Apuzzo:It was free but not quite free enough for us. I was a man. You throw into that, that the Stonewall was raided the previous Tuesday night. Fred Sargeant:The effect of the Stonewall riot was to change the direction of the gay movement. Gay people were told we didn't have any of that. Doric Wilson:When I was very young, one of the terms for gay people was twilight people, meaning that we never came out until twilight, 'til it got dark. My last name being Garvin, I'd be called Danny Gay-vin. Other images in this film are Doric Wilson:Somebody that I knew that was older than me, his family had him sent off where they go up and damage the frontal part of the brain. Before Stonewall - Wikipedia Fred Sargeant:In the '60s, I met Craig Rodwell who was running the Oscar Wilde Bookshop. A sickness that was not visible like smallpox, but no less dangerous and contagious. Seymour Pine, Deputy Inspector, Morals Division, NYPD:Well, we did use the small hoses on the fire extinguishers. It was tremendous freedom. It was not a place that, in my life, me and my friends paid much attention to. Pennebaker courtesy of Pennebaker Hegedus Films And some people came out, being very dramatic, throwing their arms up in a V, you know, the victory sign. Virginia Apuzzo:It's very American to say, "This is not right." Why 'Before Stonewall' Was Such a Hard Movie to Make - The Atlantic Scott McPartland/Getty Images One never knows when the homosexual is about. But you live with it, you know, you're used to this, after the third time it happened, or, the third time you heard about it, that's the way the world is. Howard Smith, Reporter,The Village Voice:But there were little, tiny pin holes in the plywood windows, I'll call them the windows but they were plywood, and we could look out from there and every time I went over and looked out through one of those pin holes where he did, we were shocked at how big the crowd had become. Eventually something was bound to blow. We didn't expect we'd ever get to Central Park. Before Stonewall. Geordie, Liam and Theo Gude Fred Sargeant:The press did refer to it in very pejorative terms, as a night that the drag queens fought back. Before Stonewall 1984 Unrated 1 h 27 m IMDb RATING 7.5 /10 1.1K YOUR RATING Rate Play trailer 2:21 1 Video 7 Photos Documentary History The history of the Gay and Lesbian community before the Stonewall riots began the major gay rights movement. A lot of them had been thrown out of their families. Tommy Lanigan-Schmidt:As much as I don't like to say it, there's a place for violence. All kinds of designers, boxers, big museum people. [7] In 1989, it won the Festival's Plate at the Torino International Gay & Lesbian Film Festival. Fred Sargeant Martha Shelley:In those days, what they would do, these psychiatrists, is they would try to talk you into being heterosexual. And it was fantastic. And if enough people broke through they would be killed and I would be killed. Lucian Truscott, IV, Reporter,The Village Voice:There were gay bars all over town, not just in Greenwich Village. It meant nothing to us. I actually thought, as all of them did, that we were going to be killed. Dick Leitsch:Well, gay bars were the social centers of gay life. And they wore dark police uniforms and riot helmets and they had billy clubs and they had big plastic shields, like Roman army, and they actually formed a phalanx, and just marched down Christopher Street and kind of pushed us in front of them. The newly restored 1984 documentary "Before Stonewall: The Making of a Gay and Lesbian Community," re-released to coincide with the 50th anniversary of the seminal Stonewall riots, remains a . Greenwich Village's Stonewall Inn has undergone several transformations in the decades since it was the focal point of a three-day riot in 1969. We didn't want to come on, you know, wearing fuzzy sweaters and lipstick, you know, and being freaks. The Mafia owned the jukeboxes, they owned the cigarette machines and most of the liquor was off a truck hijacking. Audience Member (Archival):I was wondering if you think that there are any quote "happy homosexuals" for whom homosexuality would be, in a way, their best adjustment in life? And if we catch you, involved with a homosexual, your parents are going to know about it first. And the rest of your life will be a living hell. Stacker put together a timeline of LGBTQ+ history leading up to Stonewall, beginning with prehistoric events and ending in the late 1960s. Eric Marcus has spent years interviewing people who were there that night, as well as those who were pushing for gay rights before Stonewall. Things were just changing. A word that would be used in the 1960s for gay men and lesbians. They'd go into the bathroom or any place that was private, that they could either feel them, or check them visually. Alexandra Meryash Nikolchev, On-Line Editors Dick Leitsch:It was an invasion, I mean you felt outraged and stuff like you know what, God, this is America, what's this country come to? All the rules were off in the '60s. Dr. Socarides (Archival):Homosexuality is in fact a mental illness which has reached epidemiological proportions. June 21, 2019 1:29 PM EDT.
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